Southern Heirloom Green Tomato & Sweet Pepper Relish

🌍 Cuisine: American Southern
🏷️ Category: Condiments & Sauces
⏱️ Prep: 45 minutes (plus 8-12 hours resting time)
🍳 Cook: 45-55 minutes
👥 Serves: 6 pints

📝 About This Recipe

A vibrant celebration of the late-summer garden, this classic Southern relish—often called 'Chow Chow'—transforms firm, unripened tomatoes into a tangy, sweet, and slightly spicy condiment. The crisp texture of the green tomatoes is preserved through a traditional salt-brining process, while a golden turmeric-infused cider vinegar reduction provides a deep, complex brightness. It is the perfect balance of acidity and crunch, making it an indispensable staple for any pantry.

🥗 Ingredients

The Vegetable Base

  • 10 cups Green Tomatoes (finely chopped; firm and unripened)
  • 3 cups Sweet Onions (finely chopped; Vidalia or Walla Walla preferred)
  • 2 cups Red Bell Peppers (seeded and finely diced)
  • 1 cup Green Bell Peppers (seeded and finely diced)
  • 2 cups Cabbage (finely shredded and chopped)
  • 1/4 cup Pickling Salt (non-iodized to keep the liquid clear)

The Spiced Brine

  • 3 cups Apple Cider Vinegar (5% acidity for safe canning)
  • 2 1/2 cups Granulated Sugar (adjust slightly based on desired sweetness)
  • 2 tablespoons Mustard Seeds (whole yellow seeds)
  • 1 tablespoon Celery Seeds
  • 1 teaspoon Ground Turmeric (for a beautiful golden hue)
  • 1/2 teaspoon Red Pepper Flakes (optional, for a subtle heat)
  • 4-5 pieces Whole Cloves (placed in a spice bag for easy removal)

👨‍🍳 Instructions

  1. 1

    In a large non-reactive bowl (glass or stainless steel), combine the chopped green tomatoes, onions, red and green peppers, and shredded cabbage.

  2. 2

    Sprinkle the pickling salt evenly over the vegetables and toss thoroughly. Cover the bowl and let it sit in a cool place or the refrigerator for 8 to 12 hours (overnight). This draws out excess moisture and ensures a crisp texture.

  3. 3

    After the resting period, transfer the vegetables to a colander and rinse them thoroughly under cold running water to remove the excess salt. Drain well and press down with a wooden spoon to squeeze out as much liquid as possible.

  4. 4

    In a large, heavy-bottomed stockpot, combine the apple cider vinegar, sugar, mustard seeds, celery seeds, turmeric, and red pepper flakes.

  5. 5

    Add the whole cloves tied in a small piece of cheesecloth or a spice bag to the pot.

  6. 6

    Bring the brine mixture to a boil over medium-high heat, stirring constantly until the sugar has completely dissolved.

  7. 7

    Carefully add the drained vegetable mixture to the boiling brine. Stir well to incorporate.

  8. 8

    Bring the mixture back to a gentle boil, then reduce the heat to medium-low. Simmer uncovered for 30 to 40 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the vegetables are tender but still hold their shape and the liquid has thickened slightly.

  9. 9

    While the relish simmers, prepare your canning jars and lids by sterilizing them in boiling water.

  10. 10

    Remove the spice bag containing the cloves from the pot and discard.

  11. 11

    Ladle the hot relish into the sterilized jars, leaving exactly 1/2 inch of headspace at the top.

  12. 12

    Run a clean plastic spatula or bubble remover tool around the inside of the jars to release any trapped air bubbles.

  13. 13

    Wipe the rims of the jars with a damp paper towel to ensure a perfect seal. Center the lids and screw on the bands until fingertip tight.

  14. 14

    Process the jars in a boiling water bath canner for 10 minutes (adjusting for altitude if necessary).

  15. 15

    Remove the jars and place them on a towel-lined counter to cool for 24 hours. Check for a proper seal (the lid should not flex) before storing in a cool, dark place.

💡 Chef's Tips

For the best texture, use a food processor to pulse the vegetables, but be careful not to over-process them into a paste; you want distinct pieces. Always use pickling salt rather than table salt, as the anti-caking agents in table salt can make your brine cloudy. If you prefer a spicier relish, add a finely diced jalapeño or increase the red pepper flakes to 1 teaspoon. Allow the relish to 'cure' in the jars for at least 2 weeks before opening; the flavors develop and mellow significantly over time. Ensure your green tomatoes are rock-hard; if they have started to soften or turn pink, the relish will be mushy.

🍽️ Serving Suggestions

Serve as a classic topping for grilled hot dogs or bratwursts for a tangy crunch. Stir a few spoonfuls into a bowl of warm pinto beans or black-eyed peas for an authentic Southern side. Mix with a bit of mayonnaise to create a superior, chunky tartar sauce for fried catfish or shrimp. Use it as a bright accompaniment on a charcuterie board alongside sharp cheddar cheese and salty ham. Fold into a potato salad or deviled egg filling for an unexpected pop of acidity and color.