Golden Silk Road Lamb Samsa: Xinjiang’s Iconic Oven-Baked Pastries

🌍 Cuisine: Chinese (Xinjiang & Northwest)
🏷️ Category: Appetizer
⏱️ Prep: 45 minutes
🍳 Cook: 25-30 minutes
👥 Serves: 12-15 pastries

📝 About This Recipe

A crown jewel of Xinjiang’s vibrant street food scene, these Lamb Samsa are a masterclass in texture and spice. Traditionally baked in a clay tandoor (tonur), they feature a shatteringly crisp, flaky crust that gives way to a succulent, cumin-scented lamb filling. These savory parcels capture the heart of Northwest Chinese cuisine, offering a perfect balance of rich fat, aromatic onions, and the earthy warmth of the Silk Road.

🥗 Ingredients

The Flaky Dough

  • 500 grams All-purpose flour (plus extra for dusting)
  • 250 ml Warm water (around 100°F/38°C)
  • 1 teaspoon Salt
  • 100 grams Unsalted butter (melted and cooled slightly for layering)

The Savory Lamb Filling

  • 400 grams Lamb shoulder or leg (hand-chopped into 0.5cm cubes; avoid using ground meat)
  • 100 grams Lamb tail fat or suet (essential for authentic juiciness; finely diced)
  • 2 large Yellow onions (finely diced; the onion volume should almost equal the meat)
  • 2 tablespoons Whole cumin seeds (toasted and coarsely crushed)
  • 1 teaspoon Black pepper (freshly cracked)
  • 1.5 teaspoons Salt (adjust to taste)
  • 2 tablespoons Cold water (to help emulsify the filling)

The Topping

  • 1 Egg yolk (beaten with a splash of water)
  • 1 tablespoon Black sesame seeds (for garnish)
  • 1 tablespoon White sesame seeds (for garnish)

👨‍🍳 Instructions

  1. 1

    In a large mixing bowl, dissolve the salt in warm water. Gradually add the flour, stirring until a shaggy dough forms. Knead by hand for 8-10 minutes until the dough is smooth and elastic. Cover with a damp cloth and let it rest for 30 minutes.

  2. 2

    While the dough rests, prepare the filling. Hand-dice the lamb and lamb fat into small, uniform cubes. Do not use a food processor, as the texture of hand-cut meat is vital for an authentic Samsa.

  3. 3

    In a bowl, combine the diced lamb, fat, onions, crushed cumin, black pepper, salt, and 2 tablespoons of cold water. Mix vigorously with your hands for 2-3 minutes until the meat becomes slightly tacky and the aromatics are well-distributed.

  4. 4

    Roll out the rested dough on a lightly floured surface into a very thin, large rectangle (about 1-2mm thick). Brush the entire surface generously with the melted butter.

  5. 5

    Starting from the long edge, roll the dough tightly into a long cylinder, like a Swiss roll. Wrap the log in plastic wrap and refrigerate for 20 minutes to firm up the butter; this creates the signature flaky layers.

  6. 6

    Preheat your oven to 425°F (220°C). Line a large baking sheet with parchment paper.

  7. 7

    Take the dough log out of the fridge and slice it into 12-15 equal pieces (about 40-50g each). Stand each piece on its cut side and flatten it with your palm to see the spiral pattern.

  8. 8

    Roll each piece into a circle about 5 inches in diameter, keeping the edges slightly thinner than the center.

  9. 9

    Place a generous tablespoon of the lamb filling in the center of each circle.

  10. 10

    Fold three sides of the dough over the meat to form a triangle, or four sides to form a square. Pinch the seams firmly to seal, then place them seam-side down on the baking sheet.

  11. 11

    Brush the tops of the Samsa with the egg wash and sprinkle generously with both black and white sesame seeds.

  12. 12

    Bake for 25-30 minutes, or until the pastries are a deep golden brown and the meat inside is fully cooked and sizzling.

  13. 13

    Remove from the oven and let them rest for 5 minutes. This allows the juices to redistribute so they don't scald you on the first bite.

💡 Chef's Tips

Hand-chopping the meat is the secret to the best texture; ground meat releases too much moisture and makes the pastry soggy. If you cannot find lamb tail fat, use high-quality beef suet or increase the ratio of fatty lamb shoulder to ensure the filling remains moist. Ensure your onions are finely diced but not pureed; they provide the essential 'juice' that steams the meat inside the pastry. For an even flakier crust, chill your rolling pin and work in a cool kitchen to prevent the butter from melting into the dough too quickly. If the dough is resisting while rolling, let it rest for another 5 minutes to relax the gluten.

🍽️ Serving Suggestions

Serve hot with a side of spicy vinegar and chili oil dipping sauce. Pair with a pot of strong Pu-erh or brick tea to cut through the richness of the lamb. Accompany with a fresh 'Tiger Salad' (Laohu Cai) consisting of julienned peppers, cilantro, and scallions. Enjoy as a street-food style snack or as part of a larger Xinjiang feast with Big Plate Chicken (Dapanji).