Imperial Crispy Aromatic Duck (Xiang Su Ya)

🌍 Cuisine: Chinese
🏷️ Category: Main Course
⏱️ Prep: 45 minutes (plus 4-24 hours marinating)
🍳 Cook: 2 hours 15 minutes
👥 Serves: 4-6 servings

📝 About This Recipe

A cornerstone of Szechuan-style banquet cooking, this Crispy Aromatic Duck is a sensory masterpiece that balances deep spice infusion with an impossibly shatter-crisp skin. Unlike its roasted Peking cousin, this duck is double-cooked—first steamed to render fat and tenderize the meat with aromatics, then flash-fried to golden perfection. Served with warm pancakes and tangy hoisin, it offers a DIY dining experience that is both elegant and incredibly satisfying.

🥗 Ingredients

The Duck & Dry Rub

  • 4.5-5 lbs Whole Duck (giblets removed, patted very dry)
  • 2 tablespoons Szechuan Peppercorns (toasted and crushed)
  • 2 tablespoons Sea Salt (toasted until slightly grey)
  • 1 tablespoon Five Spice Powder

Steaming Aromatics

  • 3 inch piece Fresh Ginger (sliced into thick coins)
  • 4 whole Star Anise
  • 1 piece Cinnamon Stick (broken in half)
  • 4 stalks Scallions (bruised with the back of a knife)
  • 3 tablespoons Shaoxing Rice Wine

Frying & Serving

  • 2 quarts Peanut or Vegetable Oil (for deep frying)
  • 12-16 pieces Mandarin Pancakes (thawed if frozen)
  • 1/2 cup Hoisin Sauce
  • 1 large Cucumber (seeded and cut into matchsticks)
  • 6 stalks Scallions (shredded into fine strips)

👨‍🍳 Instructions

  1. 1

    In a dry wok or skillet over medium heat, toast the Szechuan peppercorns and sea salt for 2-3 minutes until fragrant and the salt turns slightly grey. Grind them coarsely in a mortar and pestle, then mix with the five-spice powder.

  2. 2

    Rub the spice mixture all over the duck, including the cavity. Place the duck in a dish, cover with plastic wrap, and refrigerate for at least 4 hours, though overnight is preferred for maximum flavor penetration.

  3. 3

    Prepare a large steamer. Stuff the duck cavity with the sliced ginger, bruised scallions, star anise, and cinnamon stick. Drizzle the Shaoxing rice wine over the duck.

  4. 4

    Place the duck on a heatproof plate that fits inside your steamer basket. Steam over boiling water for 1 hour and 45 minutes. Check the water level occasionally and top up with boiling water if it runs low.

  5. 5

    Carefully remove the duck from the steamer. Discard the aromatics from the cavity and the liquid collected on the plate. This liquid is mostly rendered fat and duck juices.

  6. 6

    Let the duck air-dry on a wire rack for at least 1 hour. This step is crucial; the skin must be completely dry to achieve the signature 'aromatic' crunch during frying.

  7. 7

    In a large wok or deep fryer, heat the oil to 350°F (175°C). Ensure you have enough oil to fully submerge at least half the duck.

  8. 8

    Carefully lower the duck into the hot oil. Fry for 6-8 minutes, basting the top with hot oil constantly, until the skin is a deep mahogany brown and incredibly crisp.

  9. 9

    Remove the duck from the oil and drain on a wire rack for 5 minutes. While the duck rests, steam the Mandarin pancakes for 2-3 minutes until soft and warm.

  10. 10

    To serve, use two forks to shred the meat and skin away from the bone. The meat should be tender enough to fall away easily.

💡 Chef's Tips

For the crispiest skin, use a hair dryer on the 'cool' setting to blow-dry the duck skin after steaming. Always toast your Szechuan peppercorns; it removes the raw bitterness and unlocks the citrusy, numbing aroma. If you don't have a steamer large enough, you can slow-roast the duck at 300°F (150°C) for 2 hours, but steaming yields a more succulent meat texture. Don't discard the frying oil immediately; once cooled and strained, it is highly flavorful and can be reused for stir-fries. Ensure the duck is at room temperature before frying to prevent the oil temperature from dropping too sharply.

🍽️ Serving Suggestions

Serve with a side of Plum sauce as an alternative to Hoisin for a fruitier profile. Pair with a crisp, acidic Riesling or a cold Tsingtao beer to cut through the richness of the duck. Provide a small dish of extra Szechuan pepper-salt for dipping. Serve alongside a refreshing smashed cucumber salad with garlic and black vinegar. Wrap the duck, scallions, and cucumber tightly in the warm pancakes like a small burrito for the perfect bite.