Shanghai Pan-Fried Soup Buns (Shengjian Mantou)

🌍 Cuisine: Chinese
🏷️ Category: Appetizer
⏱️ Prep: 90 minutes
🍳 Cook: 20 minutes
👥 Serves: 4-6 servings (approx. 20-24 buns)

📝 About This Recipe

Originating from the bustling streets of Shanghai, Shengjian Mantou is a culinary masterpiece that marries the soft, pillowy texture of a steamed bun with a golden, crackling-crisp bottom. Unlike its cousin the Xiaolongbao, these buns feature a thicker, semi-leavened dough that encases a succulent pork filling and a burst of savory hot soup. It is the ultimate sensory experience: the scent of toasted sesame, the crunch of the base, and the rich, umami-laden broth within.

🥗 Ingredients

The Aspic (Soup Jelly)

  • 1 cup Chicken or Pork Stock (rich and unsalted)
  • 1 tablespoon Gelatin Powder (or 2 sheets)
  • 3 slices Ginger (smashed)

The Meat Filling

  • 1 lb Ground Pork (70% lean, 30% fat for juiciness)
  • 1.5 tablespoons Light Soy Sauce
  • 1 tablespoon Shaoxing Wine (or dry sherry)
  • 1 teaspoon Toasted Sesame Oil
  • 1 teaspoon Sugar
  • 1/4 teaspoon Ground White Pepper
  • 2 stalks Green Onions (minced)

The Dough

  • 2.5 cups All-Purpose Flour (plus extra for dusting)
  • 1 teaspoon Instant Yeast
  • 3/4 cup Warm Water (approx. 100°F)
  • 1 teaspoon Vegetable Oil

Frying & Garnish

  • 2 tablespoons Vegetable Oil (for frying)
  • 1 tablespoon Black Sesame Seeds
  • 1 stalk Green Onions (finely chopped)
  • 2 tablespoons Chinkiang Black Vinegar (for dipping)

👨‍🍳 Instructions

  1. 1

    Prepare the aspic: Heat the stock with ginger slices in a small pan. Remove ginger, whisk in the gelatin until dissolved. Pour into a shallow container and refrigerate for 2-3 hours until set into a firm jelly.

  2. 2

    Make the filling: In a large bowl, combine ground pork, soy sauce, Shaoxing wine, sesame oil, sugar, and white pepper. Stir vigorously in one direction for 5 minutes until the meat becomes a sticky paste.

  3. 3

    Incorporate the 'soup': Finely dice the chilled aspic jelly. Fold the jelly cubes and minced green onions into the pork mixture. Cover and refrigerate while you make the dough.

  4. 4

    Prepare the dough: Whisk flour and yeast together. Gradually add warm water and oil, stirring until a shaggy dough forms. Knead by hand for 8-10 minutes until smooth and elastic.

  5. 5

    First Proof: Place dough in a lightly oiled bowl, cover with a damp cloth, and let rise in a warm spot for 30-45 minutes. It should be puffy but not doubled in size; we want a semi-leavened texture.

  6. 6

    Divide the dough: Punch down the dough and roll it into a long log. Cut into 24 equal pieces (about 20g each). Cover them with a damp towel to prevent drying.

  7. 7

    Roll the wrappers: Flatten a piece of dough with your palm. Use a rolling pin to roll it into a 3-inch circle, making the edges thinner than the center.

  8. 8

    Assemble: Place a tablespoon of filling in the center. Pleat the edges together to seal the bun. For authentic Shengjian, place the bun pleated-side DOWN on a floured tray.

  9. 9

    The Pan-Fry: Heat 2 tablespoons of oil in a large non-stick skillet over medium heat. Arrange buns in the pan close together (they should touch slightly). Fry for 2-3 minutes until the bottoms are golden brown.

  10. 10

    The Steam: Carefully pour 1/2 cup of water into the pan (it will sizzle) and immediately cover with a tight-fitting lid. Cook for 6-8 minutes until the water has mostly evaporated.

  11. 11

    Final Crisp: Remove the lid. Sprinkle black sesame seeds and chopped green onions over the buns. Continue to cook for 1-2 minutes uncovered to re-crisp the bottoms and evaporate remaining moisture.

  12. 12

    Serve: Carefully lift the buns out with a spatula. Serve immediately with a side of Chinkiang black vinegar and julienned ginger.

💡 Chef's Tips

Always stir the meat filling in one direction to develop the myosin, which gives the meat a bouncy, tender texture. Don't over-proof the dough; if it rises too much, the buns will be too airy and may collapse or leak soup. When adding water to the hot pan, use a lid as a shield to avoid oil splatters. If you don't have time to make aspic, you can substitute with a tablespoon of very cold, jellied bone broth or even a few small cubes of frozen broth.

🍽️ Serving Suggestions

Serve with Chinkiang black vinegar and a drizzle of chili oil for a spicy kick. Pair with a light seaweed and egg drop soup to balance the richness of the pork. A side of blanched bok choy with oyster sauce provides a fresh, crunchy contrast. Enjoy with a cup of hot Longjing (Dragon Well) green tea to cleanse the palate.