Authentic Cuban Lechon Asado: The Ultimate Mojo-Marinated Roast Suckling Pig

🌍 Cuisine: Cuban
🏷️ Category: Main Course
⏱️ Prep: 45 minutes (plus 24 hours marinating)
🍳 Cook: 6-8 hours
👥 Serves: 12-15 servings

📝 About This Recipe

Lechon Asado is the undisputed crown jewel of Cuban gastronomy, traditionally reserved for Noche Buena and grand family gatherings. This recipe features a tender suckling pig bathed in a vibrant, garlicky 'Mojo Criollo' marinade, slow-roasted until the meat falls off the bone and the skin transforms into a glass-like, golden 'chicharrón'. It is a sensory journey of citrus, oregano, and cumin that captures the soul of Havana’s culinary heritage.

🥗 Ingredients

The Pig

  • 20-25 pounds Whole suckling pig (cleaned and butterflied)
  • 1/2 cup Kosher salt (for dry brining)

Mojo Criollo Marinade

  • 4 cups Sour orange juice (Naranja Agria) (or a 2:1 mix of orange and lime juice)
  • 3 heads Garlic cloves (peeled and crushed into a paste)
  • 1 cup Extra virgin olive oil
  • 3 tablespoons Dried Mexican oregano (rubbed between palms to release oils)
  • 2 tablespoons Ground cumin (toasted if possible)
  • 1 tablespoon Black pepper (freshly cracked)
  • 4 pieces Bay leaves (crumbled)

For Roasting & Finishing

  • 4 large Yellow onions (thickly sliced into rings)
  • 2 cups Water or dry white wine (for the roasting pan)

👨‍🍳 Instructions

  1. 1

    Prepare the pig by rinsing it thoroughly with cold water and patting it completely dry with paper towels. Using a sharp knife, score the skin in a crosshatch pattern (diamonds), being careful not to cut into the meat.

  2. 2

    Generously rub the entire pig, inside and out, with the kosher salt. Place it in a large non-reactive container or a heavy-duty roasting bag.

  3. 3

    Make the Mojo: In a large bowl, combine the crushed garlic paste, sour orange juice, olive oil, oregano, cumin, and black pepper. Whisk vigorously until the oil is somewhat emulsified.

  4. 4

    Pour the Mojo marinade over the pig, ensuring the cavity is well-coated and the marinade penetrates the scored skin. Add the crumbled bay leaves. Cover and refrigerate for at least 12 hours, preferably 24 hours, turning once if possible.

  5. 5

    Remove the pig from the refrigerator 2 hours before cooking to bring it to room temperature. This ensures even cooking.

  6. 6

    Preheat your oven (or outdoor roasting box) to 275°F (135°C). Place the sliced onions in the bottom of a large roasting pan to act as a rack.

  7. 7

    Place the pig on top of the onions, skin-side up. Pour the remaining marinade from the bag into the pan, adding the water or wine to prevent the drippings from burning.

  8. 8

    Cover the entire roasting pan tightly with heavy-duty aluminum foil. Roast for approximately 4 to 5 hours. The meat should be very tender and starting to pull away from the bone.

  9. 9

    Remove the foil and increase the oven temperature to 425°F (220°C). This is the critical stage for the 'pellejo' (skin) to become crispy.

  10. 10

    Roast uncovered for another 45-60 minutes. Watch closely; the skin will puff up and turn deep mahogany. If certain spots brown too fast, cover them with small pieces of foil.

  11. 11

    The lechon is done when the internal temperature in the thickest part of the shoulder reaches 190°F (88°C) and the skin sounds hollow when tapped with a spoon.

  12. 12

    Remove from the oven and let the pig rest for at least 30-45 minutes before carving. This allows the juices to redistribute, ensuring succulent meat.

  13. 13

    Carve by removing the crispy skin first and breaking it into shards, then shredding or slicing the tender meat. Serve with the pan juices (filtered and skimmed of excess fat).

💡 Chef's Tips

If you cannot find sour oranges, use two parts sweet orange juice to one part lime juice and one part lemon juice for a similar acidity. Don't skimp on the garlic; authentic Cuban mojo relies on a heavy hand of fresh garlic, never powdered. For the ultimate crispy skin, wipe any excess moisture off the skin surface before the final high-heat roasting stage. If roasting outdoors in a 'Caja China', follow the manufacturer's charcoal timing but keep the mojo ingredients the same for flavor. Always save the bones! They make the most incredible base for a traditional Cuban black bean soup the next day.

🍽️ Serving Suggestions

Serve with 'Arroz Congri' (Cuban black beans and rice cooked together) for the most traditional pairing. Include a side of 'Yuca con Mojo', boiled cassava topped with extra garlic-citrus sauce and sautéed onions. Fried sweet plantains (Maduros) provide a necessary sugary contrast to the salty, savory pork. Pair with a crisp, cold Cuban-style lager or a refreshing Mojito to cut through the richness of the meat. A simple avocado and red onion salad with a light vinaigrette balances the plate perfectly.