Leb-Leb Asa: Ethiopian Spiced Seared Fish with Niter Kibbeh

🌍 Cuisine: Ethiopian
🏷️ Category: Main Course
⏱️ Prep: 20 minutes
🍳 Cook: 15 minutes
👥 Serves: 4 servings

📝 About This Recipe

Leb-Leb Asa is a sophisticated Ethiopian delicacy where 'Leb-Leb' refers to the technique of lightly searing or warming through, ensuring the fish remains incredibly tender and succulent. Unlike the more common deep-fried fish found in Ethiopian lakeside towns, this version focuses on the infusion of aromatic Niter Kibbeh (spiced clarified butter) and the bold heat of Berbere. It is a stunning marriage of delicate texture and complex, earthy spices that brings the vibrant flavors of the Rift Valley lakes straight to your kitchen.

🥗 Ingredients

Main Ingredients

  • 1.5 pounds White fish fillets (Tilapia, Cod, or Snapper) (cut into 2-inch cubes)
  • 2 tablespoons Lemon juice (freshly squeezed)
  • 1 teaspoon Kosher salt (to taste)

The Flavor Base

  • 3 tablespoons Niter Kibbeh (Ethiopian Spiced Butter) (can substitute with ghee if necessary)
  • 1 large Red onion (very finely minced)
  • 4 cloves Garlic (pressed or minced)
  • 1 tablespoon Ginger paste (freshly grated)
  • 2 tablespoons Berbere spice blend (adjust for heat preference)
  • 1/2 teaspoon Mitmita spice blend (optional, for extra heat)

Aromatics and Finishing

  • 2-3 pieces Green chili peppers (Serrano or Jalapeño) (deseeded and sliced into rounds)
  • 1 tablespoon Tomato paste
  • 1/4 cup Water or Fish stock
  • 1/4 cup Fresh cilantro (roughly chopped)

👨‍🍳 Instructions

  1. 1

    Pat the fish cubes dry with paper towels. Place them in a bowl and toss gently with lemon juice and salt. Let them marinate for 10 minutes at room temperature.

  2. 2

    In a large heavy-bottomed skillet or traditional clay pot (Manchet), melt the Niter Kibbeh over medium heat until it begins to shimmer and fragrance fills the air.

  3. 3

    Add the finely minced red onions to the skillet. Sauté for 5-7 minutes, stirring frequently, until they become soft and translucent. Do not let them brown excessively.

  4. 4

    Stir in the garlic and ginger paste. Cook for another 2 minutes until the raw aroma of the aromatics mellows out.

  5. 5

    Add the tomato paste and the Berbere spice blend. Stir constantly for 1-2 minutes to 'toast' the spices in the butter, which unlocks the deep red color and smoky flavor.

  6. 6

    Pour in the 1/4 cup of water or fish stock. Stir to create a thick, smooth sauce base. Allow it to simmer for 3 minutes until the liquid reduces slightly.

  7. 7

    Gently place the fish cubes into the skillet in a single layer. Do not crowd the pan; work in batches if necessary.

  8. 8

    Using a spoon, baste the fish with the spiced butter sauce. Cover the pan with a lid for 2-3 minutes. This 'Leb-Leb' method uses steam and gentle heat to cook the fish without drying it out.

  9. 9

    Remove the lid and carefully turn the fish pieces over. They should be opaque but still very moist.

  10. 10

    Add the sliced green chilies and the Mitmita (if using). Cook uncovered for another 2 minutes.

  11. 11

    Check the internal temperature or flake a piece with a fork; the fish is done when it is just barely cooked through and flakes easily.

  12. 12

    Turn off the heat and garnish generously with fresh cilantro. Serve immediately while the butter is warm and aromatic.

💡 Chef's Tips

Always use a firm white fish like Tilapia or Snapper; delicate fish like Sole will fall apart during the searing process. If you don't have Niter Kibbeh, make a quick version by simmering butter with a pinch of fenugreek, cardamom, and turmeric. Be careful not to overcook the fish; 'Leb-Leb' implies a light touch—the fish should be buttery and soft, not rubbery. Adjust the Berbere quantity based on your heat tolerance, as different brands vary significantly in spice levels. Use a wide skillet to ensure the fish pieces have enough space to sear rather than stew in their own juices.

🍽️ Serving Suggestions

Serve hot over fresh, tangy Injera bread to soak up the spiced butter sauce. Pair with a side of Gomen (Ethiopian Collard Greens) for a balanced, nutritious meal. A crisp, dry white wine like a Chenin Blanc or a light Ethiopian honey wine (Tej) complements the spice beautifully. Serve with a side of Ayib (Ethiopian fresh cheese) to help cool the palate from the Berbere heat. Accompany with a simple tomato and onion salad (Timatim Salata) for a refreshing crunch.