Zesty Asa Amulcho: Golden Ethiopian Fish Cakes with Berbere Spice

🌍 Cuisine: Ethiopian
🏷️ Category: Main Course
⏱️ Prep: 30 minutes
🍳 Cook: 20 minutes
👥 Serves: 4-6 servings

📝 About This Recipe

A hidden gem of Ethiopian Orthodox fasting traditions, Asa Amulcho transforms fresh white fish into succulent, spice-infused cakes that are both crispy and tender. Infused with the warmth of Berbere and the aromatic depth of Mekelesha spice, these patties offer a unique coastal perspective on Ethiopian cuisine. Perfect as an elegant appetizer or a hearty main, they represent a beautiful marriage of flaky texture and bold, highland flavors.

🥗 Ingredients

The Fish Base

  • 1.5 lbs White Fish Fillets (Tilapia, Cod, or Nile Perch; steamed and flaked)
  • 1 cup Mashed Potatoes (Starchy variety like Russet, cooled)
  • 1/2 cup Breadcrumbs (Fine, unseasoned)

Aromatics and Spices

  • 1 medium Red Onion (Very finely minced)
  • 4 cloves Garlic (Minced into a paste)
  • 1 tablespoon Fresh Ginger (Grated)
  • 1.5 tablespoons Berbere Spice Blend (Adjust based on heat preference)
  • 1/2 teaspoon Mekelesha Spice (Ethiopian finishing spice blend)
  • 1/4 cup Fresh Cilantro (Finely chopped)
  • 2 pieces Green Chilies (Serrano or Thai chilies, seeded and minced)
  • 1 tablespoon Lemon Juice (Freshly squeezed)
  • 1 teaspoon Salt (To taste)

For Frying

  • 1/2 cup Vegetable Oil (For shallow frying)
  • 1/4 cup All-Purpose Flour (For dredging)

👨‍🍳 Instructions

  1. 1

    Begin by steaming the fish fillets until they are opaque and flake easily with a fork, approximately 8-10 minutes. Let them cool completely before flaking them into small pieces into a large mixing bowl.

  2. 2

    In the same bowl, add the cold mashed potatoes. The potatoes act as a binder, ensuring the cakes stay moist inside.

  3. 3

    In a small skillet, sauté the minced onions in a teaspoon of oil over medium heat until soft and translucent (about 5 minutes). Add the garlic and ginger for the last 60 seconds of cooking until fragrant.

  4. 4

    Transfer the sautéed aromatics into the fish and potato mixture. Add the Berbere spice, Mekelesha, salt, and lemon juice.

  5. 5

    Fold in the chopped cilantro, minced green chilies, and breadcrumbs. Use your hands or a spatula to mix until the ingredients are thoroughly combined, but be careful not to over-mash the fish.

  6. 6

    Taste a small amount of the mixture and adjust the Berbere or salt if necessary.

  7. 7

    Divide the mixture into equal portions (about the size of a golf ball) and gently flatten them into patties roughly 1/2 inch thick.

  8. 8

    Place the patties on a parchment-lined tray and refrigerate for at least 20 minutes. This 'setting' time prevents them from falling apart in the pan.

  9. 9

    Lightly dredge each chilled patty in a thin coating of all-purpose flour, shaking off any excess.

  10. 10

    Heat the vegetable oil in a large non-stick skillet over medium-high heat until it shimmers.

  11. 11

    Carefully place 3-4 patties in the pan at a time. Do not overcrowd the pan, as this will drop the oil temperature and lead to greasy cakes.

  12. 12

    Fry for 3-4 minutes per side until a deep golden-brown crust forms. The interior is already cooked, so you are looking for texture and color.

  13. 13

    Drain the finished cakes on a wire rack or paper towels to maintain their crispiness.

💡 Chef's Tips

Ensure the fish and mashed potatoes are as dry as possible; excess moisture is the enemy of a crispy fish cake. If the mixture feels too loose, add an extra tablespoon of breadcrumbs at a time until it holds its shape. For a gluten-free version, substitute the breadcrumbs with almond flour and use a gluten-free flour blend for dredging. Don't skip the refrigeration step; chilling firms up the starches and fats, ensuring the cakes don't break when flipped. Use a fish spatula for flipping to provide the best support for the delicate patties.

🍽️ Serving Suggestions

Serve with a side of 'Senafitch' (Ethiopian spicy mustard dip) for a sharp, pungent contrast. Pair with a crisp Gomen (collard greens) salad tossed in a lemon-oil dressing. Place inside warm toasted rolls with a smear of Berbere-spiced mayo for an Ethiopian-style fish slider. Serve alongside a mound of Injera pieces and a fresh tomato and onion 'Timatim Salata'. Accompany with a chilled glass of dry white wine or a traditional Ethiopian honey wine (Tej).