Old World Baltic Rollmops: Traditional Pickled Herring Rolls

🌍 Cuisine: German / Scandinavian
🏷️ Category: Appetizer
⏱️ Prep: 45 minutes
🍳 Cook: 10 minutes
👥 Serves: 6-8 servings

📝 About This Recipe

A cornerstone of Northern European maritime heritage, these Rollmops feature succulent salted herring fillets wrapped around tangy pickles and crisp onions. Cured in a sophisticated spice-infused vinegar brine, they offer a brilliant balance of acidity, sweetness, and oceanic umami. Perfect as a 'Katerfrühstück' (hangover breakfast) or a refined appetizer, these preserved gems are a masterclass in the ancient art of pickling.

🥗 Ingredients

The Herring

  • 12 pieces Salted Herring Fillets (high-quality schmaltz herring or matjes style)
  • 4 cups Cold Water (for soaking the fish)
  • 1 cup Milk (optional, to further mellow the saltiness)

The Filling

  • 12 pieces Cornichons (small, crunchy pickled cucumbers)
  • 1 large White Onion (very thinly sliced into half-moons)
  • 3 tablespoons Dijon Mustard (to spread on the fillets)

The Pickling Brine

  • 2 cups White Wine Vinegar (6% acidity)
  • 1 cup Water (filtered)
  • 1/2 cup Granulated Sugar (adjust based on sweetness preference)
  • 3 pieces Bay Leaves (dried)
  • 1 tablespoon Black Peppercorns (whole)
  • 2 teaspoons Mustard Seeds (yellow or brown)
  • 5-6 pieces Allspice Berries (whole)
  • 2 pieces Cloves (whole)
  • 4-5 sprigs Fresh Dill (roughly chopped)
  • 1 small Carrot (peeled and sliced into thin rounds)

👨‍🍳 Instructions

  1. 1

    Begin by desalinating the herring. Rinse the salted fillets under cold running water, then place them in a large bowl covered with cold water and milk. Let soak for at least 4-6 hours (or overnight in the fridge), changing the water once halfway through.

  2. 2

    While the fish soaks, prepare the brine. In a medium stainless steel saucepan, combine the white wine vinegar, 1 cup of water, sugar, bay leaves, peppercorns, mustard seeds, allspice, and cloves.

  3. 3

    Bring the brine to a gentle boil over medium heat, stirring until the sugar is completely dissolved. Once boiling, reduce heat and simmer for 5 minutes to infuse the spices.

  4. 4

    Remove the brine from the heat and add the sliced carrots. Let the liquid cool completely to room temperature. This is crucial; never pour hot brine over the delicate fish or it will cook and fall apart.

  5. 5

    Drain the herring fillets and pat them very dry with paper towels. If the fillets are very thick, you can gently butterfly them or trim them for easier rolling.

  6. 6

    Lay a herring fillet flat on a clean cutting board, skin-side down. Lightly brush the upward-facing flesh with a thin layer of Dijon mustard.

  7. 7

    Place a few slices of onion and one whole cornichon at the wider end (the head end) of the fillet.

  8. 8

    Carefully and tightly roll the herring around the pickle and onion toward the tail end. Secure the roll by piercing it through the center with one or two wooden toothpicks.

  9. 9

    Repeat the process for all remaining fillets. Pack the finished rollmops tightly into a wide-mouthed, sterilized glass jar.

  10. 10

    Tuck the remaining sliced onions and fresh dill sprigs into the gaps between the herring rolls in the jar.

  11. 11

    Pour the cooled pickling brine (including all the spices and carrots) over the herring, ensuring they are completely submerged.

  12. 12

    Seal the jar tightly and refrigerate. Let the flavors develop for at least 3 days before eating; they are best after 5 days.

💡 Chef's Tips

Always use non-reactive containers (glass or ceramic) for pickling to avoid metallic flavors. If the herring still tastes too salty after soaking, soak for an additional 2 hours in fresh milk. For a creamier version, you can stir a few tablespoons of sour cream into the brine just before serving (not for long-term storage). Ensure the toothpicks are soaked in water for 10 minutes before use to prevent them from splintering into the fish. Don't discard the pickling onions; they become deliciously sweet and tangy and are excellent on crackers.

🍽️ Serving Suggestions

Serve on dense, buttered German pumpernickel or dark rye bread. Pair with a chilled glass of Aquavit or a crisp, dry Riesling. Accompany with a side of warm boiled potatoes tossed in butter and fresh parsley. Include as part of a 'Smörgåsbord' alongside hard-boiled eggs and radishes. Garnish with extra fresh dill and a squeeze of lemon juice for brightness.