Authentic Levantine Shatta: The Sun-Kissed Fermented Chili Paste

🌍 Cuisine: Middle Eastern
🏷️ Category: Condiments & Sauces
⏱️ Prep: 20 minutes (plus 3 days curing time)
🍳 Cook: 0 minutes
👥 Serves: Makes about 2 cups

📝 About This Recipe

Shatta is the heartbeat of Middle Eastern tables, a vibrant and fiery condiment that balances heat with a deep, tangy complexity born from a short fermentation process. Unlike vinegary hot sauces, this traditional Palestinian and Lebanese staple relies on sun-ripened chilies, sea salt, and a golden seal of olive oil to create a rich, chunky texture. It is a labor of love that transforms simple peppers into a bold flavor powerhouse that elevates everything from creamy hummus to grilled meats.

🥗 Ingredients

The Chili Base

  • 1 pound Red Fresno or Jalapeño chilies (stems removed, roughly chopped)
  • 3-5 pieces Thai bird's eye chilies (optional, for extra heat)
  • 2 tablespoons Fine sea salt (essential for the curing process)

Aromatics and Acids

  • 2 tablespoons Lemon juice (freshly squeezed)
  • 1 tablespoon Apple cider vinegar (adds a bright tang)
  • 3 pieces Garlic cloves (minced into a paste)
  • 1/2 teaspoon Cumin seeds (toasted and crushed)
  • 1/2 teaspoon Coriander seeds (toasted and crushed)

Preservation and Texture

  • 1/2 cup Extra virgin olive oil (high quality, for mixing and topping)
  • 2 tablespoons Walnuts (finely chopped, optional for texture)

👨‍🍳 Instructions

  1. 1

    Thoroughly wash and dry the chilies. Any moisture from tap water can interfere with the curing process, so ensure they are bone-dry.

  2. 2

    Roughly chop the chilies, keeping the seeds for heat. If you prefer a milder sauce, you can remove the pith and seeds from half of the peppers.

  3. 3

    Place the chopped chilies in a food processor. Pulse until they are finely minced but not a smooth puree; you want a distinct, chunky texture.

  4. 4

    Transfer the minced chilies to a clean glass bowl and mix in the 2 tablespoons of sea salt. Stir well to ensure every piece is coated.

  5. 5

    Cover the bowl tightly with plastic wrap or a lid and leave it on your kitchen counter at room temperature for 3 days. This allows a mild fermentation to occur, deepening the flavor.

  6. 6

    Once a day, uncover the bowl and stir the mixture with a clean spoon to redistribute the juices and salt.

  7. 7

    After 3 days, you will notice the color has deepened and the aroma has become slightly tangy. Drain any excessive liquid that has pooled at the bottom through a fine-mesh sieve if you prefer a thicker paste.

  8. 8

    In a small pan over medium heat, toast the cumin and coriander seeds for 1-2 minutes until fragrant, then grind them using a mortar and pestle.

  9. 9

    Add the ground spices, minced garlic, lemon juice, apple cider vinegar, and chopped walnuts (if using) to the chili mixture. Stir thoroughly.

  10. 10

    Fold in 2 tablespoons of the extra virgin olive oil to bind the ingredients together.

  11. 11

    Pack the Shatta into clean, sterilized glass jars. Use a spoon to press the mixture down firmly, removing any air pockets.

  12. 12

    Pour a generous layer of extra virgin olive oil over the top of the chili paste until it is completely submerged. This oil seal prevents spoilage and preserves the vibrant color.

  13. 13

    Seal the jars tightly and store in the refrigerator. The flavor will continue to harmonize over the next week.

💡 Chef's Tips

Wear gloves when handling and chopping the chilies to avoid painful skin irritation. Always use a clean, dry spoon to scoop out the Shatta to prevent mold growth in the jar. If the sauce is too salty for your palate after the 3-day cure, stir in more olive oil or finely chopped roasted red peppers to balance it out. For a smoky variation, you can char one of the red peppers over a gas flame before mincing it with the raw chilies. Ensure the olive oil layer is replenished after every use to keep the chili paste fresh for up to 6 months.

🍽️ Serving Suggestions

Swirl a spoonful into a bowl of creamy hummus or labneh for a spicy kick. Use it as a marinade for grilled chicken skewers (shish taouk) or lamb chops. Drizzle over a warm bowl of Mujadara (lentils and rice) to cut through the richness of the caramelized onions. Spread a thin layer on a halloumi cheese sandwich before pressing it in a panini grill. Mix with a little extra oil and lemon to create a zesty dressing for a classic Fattoush salad.