Golden Semolina Khobz el Dar: The Heart of the Algerian Table

🌍 Cuisine: Middle Eastern
🏷️ Category: Breads
⏱️ Prep: 20 minutes
🍳 Cook: 25-30 minutes
👥 Serves: 6-8 servings

📝 About This Recipe

Khobz el Dar is a prestigious, sun-hued bread that sits at the center of every celebratory Algerian meal. Unlike everyday bakery bread, this 'Home Bread' is enriched with eggs, milk, and butter, resulting in a tender, brioche-like crumb with a distinctive nutty flavor from fine semolina. Scented with orange blossom water and nigella seeds, it offers a sophisticated aromatic profile that is both comforting and deeply traditional.

🥗 Ingredients

Dough Base

  • 3 cups Fine Semolina (extra fine is preferred for a smoother texture)
  • 1 cup All-purpose Flour (sifted)
  • 1.5 tablespoons Active Dry Yeast
  • 1 tablespoon Granulated Sugar (to feed the yeast)
  • 1.5 teaspoons Salt

Wet Ingredients

  • 1 cup Whole Milk (warm, approximately 110°F)
  • 1/2 cup Unsalted Butter (melted and cooled)
  • 1 Large Egg (at room temperature)
  • 2 tablespoons Orange Blossom Water (for a subtle floral aroma)
  • 1/4 to 1/2 cup Warm Water (as needed to adjust dough consistency)

Aromatics and Finish

  • 1 tablespoon Nigella Seeds (Sanooj) (half for the dough, half for topping)
  • 1 tablespoon Sesame Seeds (toasted)
  • 1 Egg Yolk (for the egg wash)
  • 1 teaspoon Milk (to mix with the egg yolk)

👨‍🍳 Instructions

  1. 1

    In a small bowl, whisk together the warm milk, sugar, and active dry yeast. Let it sit for about 5-10 minutes until it becomes frothy and bubbly.

  2. 2

    In a large mixing bowl or the bowl of a stand mixer, combine the fine semolina, flour, salt, and half of the nigella seeds.

  3. 3

    Create a well in the center of the dry ingredients and pour in the yeast mixture, melted butter, the whole egg, and the orange blossom water.

  4. 4

    Using your hands or a dough hook, begin mixing the ingredients. Gradually add the warm water a tablespoon at a time until a soft, slightly sticky dough forms.

  5. 5

    Knead the dough for 10-12 minutes by hand (or 6-8 minutes in a mixer). The dough should transition from grainy to smooth, elastic, and supple.

  6. 6

    Lightly oil a clean bowl, place the dough inside, and cover with a damp cloth. Let it rise in a warm, draft-free spot for 1 to 1.5 hours, or until doubled in size.

  7. 7

    Gently punch down the risen dough to release the air. Grease a 12-inch round baking pan with a little oil or butter.

  8. 8

    Place the dough in the center of the pan and flatten it out using your palms until it reaches the edges of the pan, maintaining an even thickness of about 1 inch.

  9. 9

    Cover the pan and let the dough rise a second time for about 30-45 minutes. It should look puffy and light.

  10. 10

    Preheat your oven to 400°F (200°C). While the oven heats, whisk the egg yolk with a teaspoon of milk.

  11. 11

    Gently brush the top of the dough with the egg wash, being careful not to deflate it. Sprinkle the remaining nigella seeds and the sesame seeds over the top.

  12. 12

    Bake for 25-30 minutes, or until the top is a deep golden brown and the bread sounds hollow when tapped on the bottom.

  13. 13

    Remove from the oven and immediately transfer to a wire rack. To keep the crust soft, you can lightly brush the hot crust with a touch of butter or cover with a clean towel while cooling.

  14. 14

    Allow the bread to cool for at least 15 minutes before slicing into wedges or diamonds to serve.

💡 Chef's Tips

Use 'extra fine' semolina for the best texture; if you only have coarse, pulse it in a blender first. Avoid adding too much flour during kneading; the dough should remain soft to ensure a light, airy crumb. The orange blossom water is traditional, but if you dislike floral notes, you can substitute with a teaspoon of vanilla or lemon zest. Ensure your milk is warm but not hot (above 115°F will kill the yeast). For a beautiful shine, make sure the egg wash is applied evenly right before the bread goes into the oven.

🍽️ Serving Suggestions

Serve warm alongside a hearty Algerian Chorba (lamb and tomato soup). Pair with a plate of honey and butter for a traditional breakfast treat. Use it to scoop up the sauce from a classic Chicken Tagine with olives. Enjoy a slice with a glass of hot Moroccan-style mint tea. Serve as an accompaniment to 'Slata Mechouia' (roasted pepper salad).