Fiery Peruvian Rocoto Paste (Pasta de Rocoto)

🌍 Cuisine: Peruvian
🏷️ Category: Dips & Spreads
⏱️ Prep: 15 minutes
🍳 Cook: 20 minutes
👥 Serves: Makes about 1.5 cups

📝 About This Recipe

At the heart of Peruvian Andean cuisine lies the Rocoto pepper, a vibrant and potent chili known for its thick walls and deceptive apple-like appearance. This silky, versatile paste balances the pepper's intense heat with a hint of sweetness and a touch of acidity, creating a foundation for legendary dishes like Rocoto Relleno. Making your own paste at home captures a depth of flavor and a brilliant crimson hue that store-bought jars simply cannot match.

🥗 Ingredients

The Peppers

  • 6-8 pieces Fresh Rocoto Peppers (seeds and veins removed; use gloves while handling)
  • 4 cups Water (for boiling)
  • 2 tablespoons Granulated Sugar (divided into two 1-tbsp portions for blanching)

Aromatics and Base

  • 3 tablespoons Vegetable Oil (neutral oil like canola or grapeseed)
  • 1/2 cup Red Onion (finely diced)
  • 4 pieces Garlic Cloves (minced)

Seasoning and Texture

  • 1 teaspoon Kosher Salt (adjust to taste)
  • 1/2 teaspoon Black Pepper (freshly cracked)
  • 1/2 teaspoon Dried Oregano (preferably Peruvian or Mexican)
  • 1 tablespoon Red Wine Vinegar (adds a necessary brightness)
  • 1 teaspoon Lime Juice (freshly squeezed)

👨‍🍳 Instructions

  1. 1

    Wear latex or nitrile gloves before handling the Rocoto peppers; they contain high levels of capsaicin that can burn your skin and eyes.

  2. 2

    Wash the peppers, cut off the stems, and slice them in half. Use a spoon to carefully scrape out all the black seeds and the white internal veins.

  3. 3

    Place the cleaned pepper halves in a medium saucepan and cover with cold water. Add 1 tablespoon of sugar to the water.

  4. 4

    Bring the water to a boil, then immediately drain the peppers. This 'blanching' process helps temper the extreme heat while preserving the flavor.

  5. 5

    Repeat the process: cover the peppers with fresh water again, add the second tablespoon of sugar, bring to a boil, and drain once more.

  6. 6

    In a skillet over medium heat, add the vegetable oil. Sauté the diced red onion for 5-7 minutes until translucent and soft, but not browned.

  7. 7

    Add the minced garlic to the onions and cook for an additional 1-2 minutes until fragrant.

  8. 8

    Transfer the blanched peppers, the sautéed onion and garlic mixture (including the oil), salt, pepper, and oregano into a high-speed blender.

  9. 9

    Add the red wine vinegar and lime juice to the blender. These acids help stabilize the color and flavor.

  10. 10

    Pulse until the mixture starts to break down, then blend on high speed for 1-2 minutes until the paste is completely smooth and velvety.

  11. 11

    If the paste is too thick to blend, add a teaspoon of water or oil at a time until the desired consistency is reached.

  12. 12

    Taste the paste carefully. If it is still too spicy for your preference, you can blend in a small piece of mild red bell pepper to dilute the heat.

  13. 13

    Allow the paste to cool completely before transferring it to a clean glass jar.

💡 Chef's Tips

Always use gloves when handling Rocoto peppers; their black seeds are significantly hotter than common chili seeds. For a milder paste, repeat the boiling/blanching process a third time with fresh sugar-water. If you can't find fresh Rocoto, you can use frozen ones found in Latin markets; just thaw them completely before cleaning. To extend shelf life, pour a thin layer of oil over the top of the paste in the jar to prevent oxidation. Store in the refrigerator for up to 2 weeks or freeze in ice cube trays for convenient portions that last 3 months.

🍽️ Serving Suggestions

Whisk a tablespoon into mayonnaise to create a spicy 'Crema de Rocoto' for dipping fries. Use as a marinade for grilled meats, particularly beef heart (Anticuchos) or chicken. Stir into a classic Peruvian chicken stew (Aji de Gallina) for an extra kick of heat and color. Serve alongside 'Papa a la Huancaina' to offer guests a spicier alternative to the traditional yellow sauce. Pair with a cold Peruvian pisco sour to balance the heat of the chili with the citrusy cocktail.