The Soul of the Azores: Artisanal Queijo de São Jorge

🌍 Cuisine: Portuguese
🏷️ Category: Appetizer / Cheese Course
⏱️ Prep: 2 hours
🍳 Cook: 4-7 months (Aging time)
👥 Serves: 1 large 8-10kg wheel

📝 About This Recipe

Hailing from the mist-covered volcanic pastures of São Jorge Island, this legendary Portuguese cheese is a masterpiece of raw cow's milk and tradition. It boasts a firm, crumbly texture and a complex, piquant profile with notes of black pepper, wild herbs, and a buttery finish. This recipe guides you through the traditional 'PDO' style process, capturing the spirit of the Atlantic in a golden wheel of aged perfection.

🥗 Ingredients

The Milk Base

  • 100 liters Raw whole cow's milk (Must be high quality, fresh, and unpasteurized for authenticity)
  • 500 ml Natural Whey Starter (Pingo) (Reserved from a previous day's batch of cheese)

Coagulation and Seasoning

  • 25-30 ml Animal Rennet (Liquid form, strength 1:10,000)
  • 2.5 kg Fine Sea Salt (Used for dry salting the exterior)
  • 100 ml Warm Water (To dilute the rennet)

Equipment Essentials

  • 1 piece Large Copper or Stainless Vat (120-liter capacity)
  • 1 piece Cheese Sword (Lyre) (For cutting the curd)
  • 1 piece Wooden Cheese Press (Traditional lever style)
  • 1 piece Cincho (Cheese Mold) (Adjustable circular band)
  • 3 meters Cotton Cheesecloth (Food grade)

👨‍🍳 Instructions

  1. 1

    Filter the fresh raw milk into your large vat, ensuring it is at a natural temperature of roughly 30-32°C (86-90°F). If it has cooled, heat it very gently over a low flame.

  2. 2

    Incorporate the 'pingo' (whey starter) into the milk, stirring thoroughly with a long paddle for 5 minutes to ensure the natural cultures are evenly distributed.

  3. 3

    Dilute the liquid rennet in 100ml of warm water. Pour it into the milk in a steady stream while stirring in a figure-eight motion for 2 minutes.

  4. 4

    Stop the motion of the milk and let it rest undisturbed for 45 to 60 minutes. You are looking for a 'clean break' where the curd separates cleanly from the blade when sliced.

  5. 5

    Using the cheese sword or lyre, cut the curd into small grains, roughly the size of a grain of rice or small lentil. This small size is crucial for the hard texture of São Jorge.

  6. 6

    Slowly increase the heat to 35-38°C (95-100°F) while gently stirring the curds. This 'cooking' phase helps expel the whey and toughen the curd particles.

  7. 7

    Allow the curds to settle at the bottom of the vat for 15 minutes. Using your hands, gather the curd mass under the whey and press it together into a large ball.

  8. 8

    Transfer the curd mass into the 'cincho' (mold) lined with a clean cheesecloth. Ensure the curd is packed tightly to avoid air pockets.

  9. 9

    Place the mold in the press. Apply light pressure for the first hour, then increase to heavy pressure (roughly 4-5 times the weight of the cheese) for the next 24 hours.

  10. 10

    Remove the cheese from the press and take off the cloth. The cheese should be firm and hold its shape. Place it in a cool, humid room (12-14°C) for the first stage of drying.

  11. 11

    Begin the dry salting process. Rub the entire surface of the wheel with sea salt every day for about 20-30 days, turning the wheel daily.

  12. 12

    Move the cheese to the aging cellar. Let it mature for a minimum of 3 months (mild), 4-7 months (standard), or up to 12 months for a spicy, 'picante' flavor.

  13. 13

    During aging, brush the rind weekly to remove excess mold and maintain the characteristic dark yellow, smooth exterior.

💡 Chef's Tips

Always use the highest quality raw milk possible; the flavor of São Jorge comes directly from the cows' grass-fed diet. Maintain a constant humidity of 80-85% during aging to prevent the rind from cracking. If the cheese develops blue mold inside, it usually means the curd wasn't pressed tightly enough; ensure your press is heavy and balanced. Don't rush the aging! The characteristic 'burn' or spiciness of São Jorge only develops after the 4-month mark. When salting, use coarse sea salt for a more traditional texture on the rind.

🍽️ Serving Suggestions

Serve at room temperature with a glass of fortified Pico wine (Verdelho) or a full-bodied Alentejo red. Pair with 'Bolo Lêvedo' (Azorean sweet muffins) and a dollop of spicy red pepper jam (Massa de Pimentão). Slice into thin wedges alongside cured 'Presunto' and local walnuts for a classic Portuguese petisco board. Grate the aged version over traditional Azorean soups or use it to finish a rich seafood risotto.