Heritage Southern Chow-Chow: The Ultimate Sweet & Tangy Garden Relish

🌍 Cuisine: Southern American
🏷️ Category: Dips & Spreads
⏱️ Prep: 45 minutes (plus 8-12 hours salting time)
🍳 Cook: 45 minutes
👥 Serves: 6-8 pints

📝 About This Recipe

A staple of Appalachian and Southern kitchens, Chow-Chow is a vibrant, crunchy medley of end-of-summer garden vegetables preserved in a spiced mustard brine. This tangy relish balances the sweetness of bell peppers and onions with the sharp bite of green tomatoes and cabbage, creating a versatile condiment that brightens any heavy meal. It’s a labor of love that transforms humble vegetables into a golden, zesty spread that tastes like a piece of culinary history.

🥗 Ingredients

The Vegetable Base

  • 4 cups Green Tomatoes (finely chopped)
  • 1 small head Green Cabbage (cored and finely shredded)
  • 2 large Yellow Onions (finely diced)
  • 2 large Red Bell Peppers (seeded and finely diced)
  • 2 large Green Bell Peppers (seeded and finely diced)
  • 2 cups Cucumbers (peeled, seeded, and finely diced)
  • 1/4 cup Pickling Salt (non-iodized)

The Spiced Brine

  • 3 cups Apple Cider Vinegar (5% acidity)
  • 1 1/2 cups Granulated Sugar
  • 2 tablespoons Yellow Mustard Seeds (whole)
  • 1 tablespoon Celery Seeds
  • 1 teaspoon Ground Turmeric (for vibrant golden color)
  • 1/2 teaspoon Ground Ginger
  • 1 tablespoon Dry Mustard Powder
  • 1/2 teaspoon Red Pepper Flakes (optional for a hint of heat)

👨‍🍳 Instructions

  1. 1

    In a large non-reactive glass or stainless steel bowl, combine the chopped green tomatoes, cabbage, onions, bell peppers, and cucumbers.

  2. 2

    Sprinkle the pickling salt over the vegetables and toss thoroughly to ensure even coverage. This draws out excess moisture for a crunchier relish.

  3. 3

    Cover the bowl with a clean kitchen towel and let it sit in a cool place (or the refrigerator) for 8 to 12 hours, or overnight.

  4. 4

    After the resting period, transfer the vegetables to a large colander. Rinse them thoroughly under cold running water to remove the excess salt.

  5. 5

    Press firmly on the vegetables or squeeze them in a clean cheesecloth to remove as much liquid as possible; the drier the vegetables, the better the brine absorption.

  6. 6

    In a large, heavy-bottomed pot, combine the apple cider vinegar, sugar, mustard seeds, celery seeds, turmeric, ginger, mustard powder, and red pepper flakes.

  7. 7

    Bring the brine mixture to a boil over medium-high heat, stirring until the sugar is completely dissolved.

  8. 8

    Add the drained vegetables to the boiling brine. Stir well and bring the mixture back to a gentle simmer.

  9. 9

    Reduce heat to medium-low and simmer uncovered for about 30 to 40 minutes. The vegetables should be tender but still retain a bit of snap, and the liquid should reduce slightly.

  10. 10

    While the relish simmers, prepare your canning jars and lids by sterilizing them in boiling water.

  11. 11

    Ladle the hot chow-chow into the sterilized jars, leaving 1/2 inch of headspace at the top.

  12. 12

    Run a small spatula or bubble remover tool around the inside of the jars to release any trapped air bubbles.

  13. 13

    Wipe the rims of the jars with a damp cloth, place the lids on, and screw the bands until fingertip tight.

  14. 14

    Process the jars in a boiling water bath for 10 minutes. Remove and let them cool undisturbed for 24 hours.

  15. 15

    Check the seals; the lids should not pop back when pressed. Store in a cool, dark place for at least 2 weeks before opening to let the flavors develop.

💡 Chef's Tips

For the best texture, use a sharp knife for hand-chopping rather than a food processor, which can turn the vegetables into mush. Always use pickling or canning salt; table salt contains anti-caking agents that can make your brine cloudy. If you can't find green tomatoes, firm under-ripe tomatillos make an excellent tart substitute. Ensure your vinegar has at least 5% acidity to guarantee safe preservation and the characteristic tang. Don't skip the salting and rinsing step; it is essential for achieving that signature 'crunch' that defines a high-quality chow-chow.

🍽️ Serving Suggestions

Heaped generously over a bowl of slow-cooked pinto beans or black-eyed peas. As a zesty topping for grilled hot dogs, bratwursts, or pulled pork sandwiches. Served alongside a wedge of buttery, skillet-baked cornbread. Folded into a deviled egg filling or potato salad for an extra layer of complexity. Paired with a crisp Lager or a sweet Iced Tea to balance the relish's acidity.