Authentic Basque Bacalao al Pil-Pil

🌍 Cuisine: Spanish (Basque)
🏷️ Category: Main Course
⏱️ Prep: 24-48 hours (desalting) + 15 minutes
🍳 Cook: 25-30 minutes
👥 Serves: 4 servings

📝 About This Recipe

A crown jewel of Basque gastronomy, Bacalao al Pil-Pil is a masterclass in culinary alchemy, transforming just four humble ingredients into a luxurious, velvet-smooth emulsion. The name 'Pil-Pil' mimics the rhythmic popping sound of the fish's gelatin escaping into the shimmering olive oil as you swirl the clay pot. This dish offers a profound depth of flavor, marrying the silkiness of salt cod with the aromatic punch of garlic and the gentle heat of guindilla peppers.

🥗 Ingredients

The Fish

  • 800 grams Salted Cod Fillets (Bacalao) (high-quality, thick-cut loins (lomos) with skin on)
  • 2-3 liters Cold Water (for desalting the fish)

The Emulsion Base

  • 300 ml Extra Virgin Olive Oil (use a high-quality Spanish Arbequina or Picual)
  • 6-8 pieces Garlic Cloves (peeled and thinly sliced into chips)
  • 1-2 pieces Dried Guindilla Pepper (sliced into rings; can substitute with dried bird's eye chili)

Finishing Touches

  • 1 sprig Fresh Parsley (optional, for a pop of color)
  • 2-3 tablespoons Reserved Gelatin Liquid (released from the fish during the initial cook)

👨‍🍳 Instructions

  1. 1

    Desalt the cod by submerging it in a large bowl of cold water in the refrigerator for 36 to 48 hours. Change the water every 8 hours. Once finished, pat the cod extremely dry with paper towels; moisture is the enemy of a good emulsion.

  2. 2

    In a wide, shallow clay pot (cazuela) or a heavy-bottomed stainless steel skillet, add the extra virgin olive oil and the sliced garlic.

  3. 3

    Heat the oil over medium-low heat. Fry the garlic slices and the guindilla pepper rings until the garlic is golden brown and fragrant. Do not let them burn.

  4. 4

    Remove the toasted garlic and peppers with a slotted spoon and set them aside on a paper towel for later use as a garnish.

  5. 5

    Let the oil cool down slightly until it is warm but not sizzling. Place the cod fillets into the oil, skin-side up first.

  6. 6

    Cook the cod over very low heat for about 4-5 minutes. You should see tiny white bubbles (the gelatin) escaping from the fish. Flip the fish gently to skin-side down and cook for another 4-5 minutes.

  7. 7

    Remove the cod fillets from the oil and place them on a warm plate. You will notice a cloudy, yellowish liquid at the bottom of the pan—this is the precious fish gelatin.

  8. 8

    Pour the oil and the gelatin into a separate bowl. Let it sit for a minute so the gelatin settles at the bottom.

  9. 9

    Begin the 'Pil-Pil' emulsion: Add a tablespoon of the gelatin liquid back into the empty (but still warm) clay pot.

  10. 10

    Using a small wire whisk or a fine-mesh strainer, move it in rapid circular motions while slowly drizzling the reserved oil back into the pot, a little at a time.

  11. 11

    Continue whisking and adding oil until a thick, pale yellow, mayonnaise-like sauce forms. This requires patience and a steady hand.

  12. 12

    Once the sauce is thick and stable, gently place the cod fillets back into the sauce to warm through for 1-2 minutes over the lowest possible heat.

  13. 13

    Gently shake the pan in a circular motion to coat the fish entirely in the velvet sauce.

  14. 14

    Serve immediately in the clay pot, garnished with the reserved fried garlic chips and guindilla rings.

💡 Chef's Tips

Temperature is key: If the oil is too hot, the gelatin will cook rather than emulsify; keep it below 60°C (140°F) during the whisking phase. Always use skin-on cod, as the skin contains the essential collagen needed to create the thick sauce. If the sauce breaks (separates), add a teaspoon of warm water and whisk vigorously to bring it back together. For an easier emulsion, use a small metal strainer moved in circles—the mesh breaks the oil droplets perfectly. Never rush the desalting process; under-desalted fish will be unpleasantly salty and tough.

🍽️ Serving Suggestions

Serve with thick slices of crusty sourdough or rustic baguette to mop up every drop of the pil-pil sauce. Pair with a crisp, slightly effervescent Basque Txakoli wine or a chilled Albariño. Start the meal with a light salad of white asparagus and roasted red peppers. Serve alongside 'Patatas a la Importancia' for a truly traditional Spanish feast. A simple side of steamed green beans with a dash of lemon zest balances the richness of the sauce.