Fiery Hunan Smoked Tofu Stir-Fry (Xiang Style Doufu Gan)

🌍 Cuisine: Chinese (Hunan)
🏷️ Category: Main Course
⏱️ Prep: 15 minutes
🍳 Cook: 10 minutes
👥 Serves: 4 servings

📝 About This Recipe

Hailing from the heart of Hunan province, this dish is a masterclass in the 'Gan La' (Dry and Spicy) flavor profile that defines Xiang cuisine. Featuring firm, pressed dried tofu that mimics the texture of meat, it is flash-seared with aromatic aromatics and a generous amount of fresh chilies. This is a bold, rustic, and deeply satisfying dish that offers a smoky complexity and an addictive heat that lingers beautifully on the palate.

🥗 Ingredients

Main Ingredients

  • 400 grams Pressed Dried Tofu (Doufu Gan) (sliced into thin 2-inch long matchsticks)
  • 100 grams Pork Belly (thinly sliced; optional but adds authentic richness)
  • 4-5 pieces Fresh Long Green Chilies (sliced diagonally)
  • 3-5 pieces Fresh Red Thai Bird's Eye Chilies (finely chopped for intense heat)
  • 3 stalks Garlic Sprouts or Scallions (cut into 2-inch segments)

Aromatics

  • 4 cloves Garlic (thinly sliced)
  • 1 inch Ginger (peeled and julienned)
  • 1 tablespoon Fermented Black Beans (Douchi) (rinsed and lightly mashed)

The Seasoning Sauce

  • 1.5 tablespoons Light Soy Sauce
  • 1 teaspoon Dark Soy Sauce (for a rich mahogany color)
  • 1 tablespoon Shaoxing Rice Wine
  • 1/2 teaspoon Sugar (to balance the heat)
  • 1/2 teaspoon Toasted Sesame Oil
  • 2-3 tablespoons Vegetable Oil (for stir-frying)

👨‍🍳 Instructions

  1. 1

    Prepare the dried tofu by slicing the blocks into thin, uniform matchsticks. This ensures even cooking and a better surface area for the sauce to cling to.

  2. 2

    In a small bowl, whisk together the light soy sauce, dark soy sauce, Shaoxing wine, and sugar until the sugar is dissolved. Set aside.

  3. 3

    Heat a wok over high heat until it begins to smoke slightly. Add 1 tablespoon of oil and swirl to coat the surface.

  4. 4

    Add the sliced pork belly (if using) and stir-fry until the fat renders out and the edges become golden and crispy, about 2-3 minutes.

  5. 5

    Add the sliced dried tofu to the wok. Stir-fry for 3-4 minutes until the tofu edges are slightly blistered and have absorbed the pork fat. Remove tofu and pork from the wok and set aside.

  6. 6

    Wipe the wok clean if necessary, then add another tablespoon of oil. Lower heat to medium-high.

  7. 7

    Add the garlic, ginger, and fermented black beans. Stir-fry for 30 seconds until fragrant, being careful not to burn the garlic.

  8. 8

    Toss in the green chilies and red Thai chilies. Stir-fry for 1 minute until the skins of the chilies just begin to soften.

  9. 9

    Return the tofu and pork belly to the wok. Increase heat to high.

  10. 10

    Pour the prepared seasoning sauce over the ingredients. Toss vigorously for 1-2 minutes until the liquid has mostly evaporated and the tofu is evenly coated.

  11. 11

    Add the garlic sprouts or scallions. Stir-fry for another 30 seconds until they are bright green and just wilted.

  12. 12

    Turn off the heat, drizzle with sesame oil, and give it one final toss.

  13. 13

    Transfer to a warm plate and serve immediately while the 'Wok Hei' (breath of the wok) is at its peak.

💡 Chef's Tips

Use 'Five-Spice' pressed tofu if available for extra depth of flavor. If you find the dish too dry, add 1-2 tablespoons of water or stock during the final toss to help the sauce emulsify. Don't skimp on the oil; Hunan cuisine is known for being slightly oily, which helps carry the spice and prevents the tofu from becoming rubbery. For a vegetarian version, omit the pork belly and add a splash of mushroom bouillon or extra fermented black beans for umami.

🍽️ Serving Suggestions

Serve with a large bowl of steaming jasmine rice to soak up the spicy oils. Pair with a cold, crisp lager or a chilled Riesling to cut through the heat. A side of smashed cucumber salad (Pai Huang Gua) provides a refreshing, cooling contrast. Works excellently as part of a multi-course Chinese dinner alongside a mild leafy green vegetable like bok choy.