Old-Fashioned Southern Green Tomato Chow-Chow

🌍 Cuisine: Southern American
🏷️ Category: Condiments & Sauces
⏱️ Prep: 45 minutes (plus 8-12 hours brining)
🍳 Cook: 45-60 minutes
👥 Serves: 6-7 pint jars

📝 About This Recipe

This classic Appalachian relish is a vibrant, tangy-sweet celebration of the garden's end-of-season bounty. Traditionally crafted to preserve firm green tomatoes, crunchy cabbage, and bell peppers, it offers a complex flavor profile driven by a signature blend of turmeric, mustard seed, and celery seed. It is the ultimate soulful condiment, adding a bright, acidic snap to hearty southern comfort foods.

🥗 Ingredients

The Vegetable Base

  • 4 pounds Green Tomatoes (unripe, firm, and finely chopped)
  • 1 medium head Green Cabbage (shredded and finely chopped)
  • 3 large Sweet Onions (Vidalia or yellow, finely diced)
  • 3 pieces Green Bell Peppers (seeded and finely diced)
  • 3 pieces Red Bell Peppers (seeded and finely diced for color)
  • 1/2 cup Canning or Pickling Salt (non-iodized to keep the brine clear)

The Pickling Liquid

  • 3 cups Apple Cider Vinegar (at least 5% acidity)
  • 2 1/2 cups White Granulated Sugar (adjust slightly for desired sweetness)
  • 1 cup Water (filtered)

Spices and Aromatics

  • 2 tablespoons Yellow Mustard Seeds (whole)
  • 1 tablespoon Celery Seeds (whole)
  • 1 teaspoon Ground Turmeric (for that iconic golden hue)
  • 1 tablespoon Dry Mustard Powder (for a sharp kick)
  • 1/2 teaspoon Red Pepper Flakes (optional, for a hint of heat)
  • 1/2 teaspoon Whole Cloves (tied in a spice bag or cheesecloth)

👨‍🍳 Instructions

  1. 1

    Prepare the vegetables by finely chopping the green tomatoes, cabbage, onions, and peppers. You want a consistent, small dice—about 1/4 inch—to ensure even pickling.

  2. 2

    Place all the chopped vegetables in a large glass or stainless steel bowl. Sprinkle the 1/2 cup of canning salt over the mixture and toss thoroughly to coat.

  3. 3

    Cover the bowl with a clean kitchen towel and let it sit at room temperature for at least 8 hours, or overnight. This process draws out excess moisture, ensuring the relish stays crunchy.

  4. 4

    After the resting period, drain the vegetables into a fine-mesh colander. Rinse them thoroughly under cold running water to remove excess salt, then press down firmly to squeeze out as much liquid as possible.

  5. 5

    In a large, heavy-bottomed stockpot or Dutch oven, combine the apple cider vinegar, sugar, water, mustard seeds, celery seeds, turmeric, mustard powder, and red pepper flakes.

  6. 6

    Add the whole cloves (in a spice bag) to the pot. Bring the mixture to a boil over medium-high heat, stirring until the sugar is completely dissolved.

  7. 7

    Carefully add the drained vegetable mixture to the boiling pickling liquid. Stir well to combine all ingredients.

  8. 8

    Bring the mixture back to a boil, then immediately reduce the heat to low. Simmer uncovered for 45 to 60 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the vegetables are tender and the liquid has slightly thickened and turned translucent.

  9. 9

    While the chow-chow simmers, prepare your canning jars and lids by sterilizing them in boiling water.

  10. 10

    Remove the spice bag containing the cloves. Taste the relish (carefully, it's hot!) and adjust sugar or salt if necessary.

  11. 11

    Ladle the hot chow-chow into the sterilized jars, leaving about 1/2 inch of headspace at the top. Run a thin spatula around the inside of the jars to remove any trapped air bubbles.

  12. 12

    Wipe the rims of the jars with a damp paper towel to ensure a clean seal. Center the lids on the jars and screw on the bands until they are fingertip tight.

  13. 13

    Process the jars in a boiling water bath for 10 minutes. Ensure the water covers the tops of the jars by at least an inch.

  14. 14

    Remove the jars from the water bath and place them on a towel-lined counter to cool undisturbed for 24 hours. You should hear the satisfying 'pop' of the lids sealing.

  15. 15

    Store in a cool, dark place. For the best flavor, wait at least two weeks before opening to allow the spices to fully mellow and develop.

💡 Chef's Tips

Always use non-reactive pots (stainless steel or enameled) to prevent a metallic taste from the vinegar. If you prefer a hotter relish, add a finely minced jalapeño or increase the red pepper flakes. Don't skip the brining and rinsing step; it is the secret to a crisp texture rather than a mushy relish. Check your jar seals after 24 hours; if a lid didn't seal, move that jar to the fridge and eat it within a month. Use a food processor on the pulse setting for the vegetables if you are short on time, but be careful not to turn them into a puree.

🍽️ Serving Suggestions

Serve a generous spoonful over a bowl of slow-cooked pinto beans or black-eyed peas. Use it as a zesty topping for grilled hot dogs, sausages, or bratwurst. Fold it into a potato salad or deviled egg filling for an unexpected Southern twist. Pair it with a sharp cheddar cheese and crackers on a rustic charcuterie board. It acts as a perfect acidic foil to rich, fatty meats like pulled pork or fried catfish.