Artisan Aged Gruyère: The King of Alpine Cheeses

🌍 Cuisine: Swiss
🏷️ Category: Fermented & Cultured
⏱️ Prep: 45 minutes
🍳 Cook: 4 hours
👥 Serves: 2.5 kg wheel

📝 About This Recipe

Transport your kitchen to the snow-capped Swiss Alps with this authentic, long-aged Gruyère. Characterized by its dense, creamy paste and the iconic crunch of tyrosine crystals, this cheese offers a complex profile of toasted hazelnuts, brown butter, and a subtle floral finish. Mastering this recipe requires patience and precision, but the reward is a wheel of gold that surpasses anything found in a standard grocery aisle.

🥗 Ingredients

The Foundation

  • 20 liters Raw Whole Cow's Milk (Fresh as possible; avoid ultra-pasteurized milk)
  • 1/2 teaspoon Calcium Chloride (Diluted in 1/4 cup non-chlorinated water)

Cultures and Coagulants

  • 1/4 teaspoon Thermophilic Culture (TA 60 series) (Provides the classic Alpine acidity)
  • 1/16 teaspoon Propionic Shermanii Culture (Small pinch for subtle flavor development)
  • 1 teaspoon Liquid Animal Rennet (Diluted in 1/4 cup non-chlorinated water)

The Brine and Rind Treatment

  • 1 kilogram Cheese Salt (Non-iodized) (For creating a saturated brine)
  • 4 liters Filtered Water (For the brine bath)
  • 1/2 cup White Wine (Dry; used for washing the rind during aging)
  • 1/8 teaspoon Brevibacterium linens (Added to the wash for rind development)

👨‍🍳 Instructions

  1. 1

    Slowly heat the milk in a large heavy-bottomed stainless steel pot to 90°F (32°C). Stir gently to ensure even heating and prevent scorching on the bottom.

  2. 2

    Sprinkle the Thermophilic and Propionic cultures over the surface of the milk. Let them rehydrate for 2 minutes, then stir in using an up-and-down motion. Cover and let ripen for 45 minutes, maintaining the temperature.

  3. 3

    Add the diluted calcium chloride and stir for 1 minute. Add the diluted rennet and stir gently for no more than 30 seconds. Cover and let sit undisturbed for 30-40 minutes until a 'clean break' is achieved (the curd splits cleanly when lifted with a knife).

  4. 4

    Cut the curds into tiny 1/4-inch (6mm) cubes using a long knife or wire whisk. This small size is crucial for the low-moisture profile of an aged Gruyère.

  5. 5

    The 'Scalding' Phase: Over the next 40 minutes, very slowly increase the heat to 118°F (48°C). Stir constantly but gently to prevent the curds from matting together. The curds will shrink and become firm.

  6. 6

    Once at 118°F, maintain this temperature and continue stirring for another 30-45 minutes. The curds are ready when they feel springy and hold their shape when squeezed in your hand.

  7. 7

    Allow the curds to settle to the bottom of the pot for 5 minutes. Using a cheesecloth-lined colander, ladle the curds quickly into a 2kg cheese mold, ensuring they remain warm to help them knit together.

  8. 8

    Apply the follower to the mold and press at 10 lbs (4.5 kg) for 30 minutes. Remove the cheese, flip it, and re-wrap in fresh cheesecloth.

  9. 9

    Increase the pressure to 25 lbs (11 kg) for 2 hours. Flip and re-wrap again, then press at 50 lbs (23 kg) for 12 hours (overnight) in a cool room.

  10. 10

    Remove the cheese from the press and the cloth. Submerge the wheel in a saturated brine (water and salt) for 12 hours. Flip the cheese halfway through the brining time to ensure even salt absorption.

  11. 11

    Remove from the brine and pat dry. Place the wheel on a wooden board in a 'cave' environment (55°F/13°C at 85% humidity).

  12. 12

    During the first 2 months, wash the rind twice a week with a mixture of white wine, a pinch of salt, and B. linens. This develops the characteristic 'smear' and reddish-brown rind.

  13. 13

    Flip the cheese every other day for the first 6 months. Continue aging for a minimum of 6 months, though 12-18 months is ideal for deep flavor and crystal development.

💡 Chef's Tips

Always use non-chlorinated water for diluting rennet, as chlorine will kill the enzymes. Precision in the scalding phase is key; if you heat the curds too fast, the outside toughens and traps moisture inside, leading to a bitter cheese. Invest in a reliable hygrometer and thermometer for your aging space; consistency is the secret to great Alpine cheese. If any black or fuzzy mold appears on the rind, simply scrub it off with a cloth dipped in vinegar-salt water. For the best crystals, age the cheese for at least 12 months in a stable environment.

🍽️ Serving Suggestions

Pair with a crisp, dry white wine like a Swiss Chasselas or a French Jura Chardonnay. Serve alongside thin slices of Bresaola or Prosciutto di Parma for a savory charcuterie board. Accompany with fresh figs, walnuts, and a drizzle of chestnut honey to highlight the nutty notes. Grate over traditional French Onion Soup for the ultimate melt and depth of flavor. Enjoy with a glass of dark, malty Doppelbock beer.